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Russian AlphabetThe early Russian alphabet started to form on the basis of the early Cyrillic alphabet in the IX century. It consisted of 43 letters and, from the very beginning, did not quite correspond to phonemes of the spoken Russian language. With time, this lack of correspondence aggravated and so called “dead” letters appeared. By the XVIII century, the formation of the Russian language mainly completed in the process of the formation of the Russian nation and state. By then, the Russian alphabet accumulated many duplicate or “dead” letters that were not used in the spoken language. The first reform, which led to the removal of seven unnecessary letters ( ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ) from the alphabet, was the reform of 1708-1710 implemented by the Russian tsar Peter I. In addition, he introduced a new letter “э” and replaced the letter  with the letter “я”. The Russian alphabet got rid of other duplicate letters gradually as a result of further reforms and accepted a few new letters (й, ё). The modern Russian alphabet, which consists of 33 letters, has been approved in 1917.
1/ Since there is no a uniform Russian-English transliteration system, the above transliteration is based on the most frequently used transliteration options. Didn't find what you were looking for? Use this search feature to find it. Return from Russian Alphabet Page to Home Page _____________________________________________________________________ Website owner: Irina Lychak, self-employed freelance linguist, Russian translator, Ukrainian translator, Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine |
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